What common physical exam finding is associated with PCOS?

The correct answer is bilateral ovarian enlargement. This finding is commonly associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and is typically observed during a pelvic ultrasound. In women with PCOS, the ovaries often become enlarged due to the presence of numerous cysts that develop from follicles that fail to mature or ovulate properly. This can lead to a characteristic appearance where the ovaries appear larger than normal, which is one of the key diagnostic criteria for PCOS.

The presence of bilateral ovarian enlargement aligns with the hormonal imbalances and irregularities seen in PCOS, which can lead to a variety of symptoms including irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, and metabolic issues. This is significant because identifying ovarian enlargement can aid healthcare professionals in diagnosing and managing PCOS effectively.

On the other hand, excessive facial hair growth can indeed occur in individuals with PCOS due to elevated androgen levels, but it is not a primary physical exam finding. Increased muscle mass is not typical for PCOS and is more often associated with anabolic steroid use or conditions that lead to hyperandrogenism but is not a direct consequence of PCOS. Hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating, while potentially present in some patients due to metabolic disturbances, is not a defining characteristic or common