What complication can occur as a result of fetoscopic laser ablation?

Fetoscopic laser ablation is a procedure typically performed in cases of twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) to help manage the condition by ablating the vascular connections between the twins. While this intervention is aimed at reducing the risk of complications associated with TTTS, it carries its own risks.

Rupture of the intertwin membranes is a potential complication because the procedure involves working in close proximity to the amniotic membranes of the fetuses. This manipulation can lead to trauma to the membranes, increasing the risk of premature rupture, which can subsequently result in oligohydramnios (decreased amniotic fluid) for one twin and potentially severe complications for both.

In contrast, termination of the fetus, while a serious outcome, isn’t a direct result of the fetoscopic laser procedure itself but rather a possible outcome in extremely severe cases or if the procedure fails. Failure to halt blood transfusion and cervical dilation are not direct consequences of the laser ablation process either. Therefore, the rupture of the intertwin membranes stands out as a recognized and direct complication associated with fetoscopic laser ablation.