What is the method of choice for diagnosing endometrial cancer?

The method of choice for diagnosing endometrial cancer is an endometrial biopsy. This procedure involves obtaining a sample of the endometrial lining, which can then be examined histologically for the presence of cancerous cells. The endometrial biopsy provides a definitive diagnosis and is specifically designed to detect abnormalities in the endometrial tissue.

Pelvic ultrasound can be useful in evaluating the endometrial lining's thickness and identifying potential lesions, but it cannot confirm the presence of cancer. An MRI scan can provide detailed images of the uterus and surrounding tissues, helping to assess the extent of disease, but it is not used for initial diagnosis. Cervical smear tests (Pap smears) are primarily intended for the detection of cervical cancer and do not assess the endometrium, making them unsuitable for this purpose.

Endometrial biopsy is therefore the gold standard in diagnosing endometrial cancer due to its direct approach to sampling and ability to provide conclusive results.