What is the purpose of the Pap test?

The purpose of the Pap test, also known as the Pap smear, is to screen for cervical cancer. This test involves collecting cells from the cervix to identify any abnormal changes, which may indicate the presence of precancerous conditions or cervical cancer itself. Regular Pap testing helps in early detection, allowing for timely intervention and treatment, which significantly reduces the risk of cervical cancer.

In the context of women's health, cervical cancer screening is crucial because certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), which are often sexually transmitted, play a significant role in the development of cervical cancer. The Pap test often works in conjunction with HPV testing to provide comprehensive screening.

While it is important to monitor for other reproductive health issues, such as ovarian cancer or sexually transmitted infections (STIs), these conditions are not the focus of the Pap test. Similarly, measuring hormone levels serves a different purpose altogether, primarily related to fertility, menopause, or other hormonal disorders, and is not assessed through a Pap test. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the specific role of the Pap test in cervical health screening.