What medication is most commonly associated with the development of endometrial polyps?

Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer. While it acts as an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue, it can stimulate estrogen receptors in other tissues, such as the endometrium. This stimulation can lead to endometrial hyperplasia and increase the risk of developing endometrial polyps. These polyps are benign growths that can occur as a response to the altered hormonal environment created by Tamoxifen.

The other medications listed, while they interact with hormonal pathways, do not have the same significant association with the development of endometrial polyps. For example, estrogen can contribute to endometrial growth but is not the primary medication associated with polyp formation in the context of breast cancer treatment. Clomiphene is primarily used for ovulation induction and does not have a strong connection to endometrial polyps. Progesterone is often used to counteract the effects of estrogen on the endometrium, potentially reducing the risk of hyperplasia and polyps. Thus, Tamoxifen is uniquely linked to endometrial polyps due to its dual action on estrogen receptors in different tissues.